Elementary First Aid (IMO Model Course 1.13)

First Aid - is the emergency treatment given to the ill or injured person before professional medical services can be obtain.



A first aider fills the gap between the victim and physician, it should not compete or take the place of the physician, the role of the first aider ends when the services of the physicians begins.

A good first aider must be:
  • Resourceful
  • Gentle
  • Sympathetic
  • Cheerful
  • Observant
  • Tactful
Purpose in administering first aid to ill or injured person:
  • To prevent death
  • To prevent further injury
  • To counteract shock
  • To relieve pain
  • To prevent severe bleeding
  • To prevent asphyxiation
Severe bleeding and asphyxiation require immediate attention, a few seconds delay reduce the chances of survival of the victim, while other medical emergencies may safely be posponed for a few minutes.

FIRST AID ABOARD SHIP

All crew members aboard ship should have proper training and sufficient knowledge of first aid. Crew members should be able to administer emergency treatment until medical assistance arrive.

As first aider, crew members should be aware of their ability and limitations. Crew members should not attempt to administer first aid procedure and techniques which they are not properly trained or that are beyond their ability because it will further harm the victim or victims.

Aboard ship first aid must be immediately administered to:
  • To restore breathing and heartbeat
  • Control bleeding
  • Remove poisons
  • Prevent further injury to the patient



PERSONAL MUSTER CARD

Personal Muster Card - contains information which are useful to crew members in an emergency situation. The following are information in the Personal Muster Card:

Crew number, etc., General Emergency Alarm signal, Fire alarn signal, Abandon ship signal, Muster (assembly) station, Emergency duties.

MUSTER LIST

Muster list must be located in places where it can be easily seen. Muster list tells you the following:


WHO YOU ARE
- Identifies all crews by name, number, rank, or a combination of both number and rank.

WHERE YOU GO - Identifies the muster stations (assembly stations) which are the designated places on the ship that personnel should go upon hearing the general emergency alarm signal.

WHAT TO DO - Either specific duties are assigned, such as preparations of boats, stairway guides etc., or crew will carry out duties as required - dependent on the nature of emergency.

ALARM SIGNALS

General Alarm - Consist of seven (7) or more short blast followed by one (1) long blast on the ship's whistle. (Instruction: Get ready)Boat Alarm - at least (7) short blast followed by one (1) long blast repeated on the ship's whistle. (Instruction: All to attend their station wearing life jacket)

Fire Alarm
- Continous blast of the whistle for a period of not less than 10 seconds followed by continous ringing of the general alarm. (Instruction: All to attend their stations bringing along their assigned fire fighting equipment)
Man Over Board Alarm - the letter "O" sounded at least four times on the ship's whistle followed by the same signal sounded on the fire bells. (Instruction: rescue boat crew to muster station immediately carrying the immersion suit)

ABANDONING SHIP
- The order to abandon ship is never given until the master judges it necessary. The ship is the safest survival craft, but if the ship's condition will put people's lives in great danger, abandoning it will be the best option.